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DBA Blogs

RAG with Vector Index in 26ai

Hemant K Chitale - 17 hours 36 min ago

Updating my previous demo that was in 23ai to run in Oracle AI Database 26ai with two enhancements :

vector_memory_size set to 512MB (yes, this is a very small on-premises Free 26ai image)

INMEMORY NEIGHBOR GRAPH Index using Hierarchical Navigable Small World (HNSW)

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus vector_demo/vector_demo

SQL*Plus: Release 23.26.0.0.0 - Production on Sun Nov 16 09:37:39 2025
Version 23.26.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2025, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Last Successful login time: Sun Nov 16 2025 09:32:43 +00:00

Connected to:
Oracle AI Database 26ai Free Release 23.26.0.0.0 - Develop, Learn, and Run for Free
Version 23.26.0.0.0

SQL> set echo on
SQL> !ls *sql
Create_Vector_Index.sql  Query_Vectors.sql

SQL> @Create_Vector_Index.sql
SQL> CREATE VECTOR INDEX my_data_vectors_ndx ON my_data_vectors (sentence_vector)
  2    ORGANIZATION INMEMORY NEIGHBOR GRAPH
  3    DISTANCE COSINE
  4    WITH TARGET ACCURACY 95
  5  /

Index created.

SQL> show parameter vector_memory

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
vector_memory_size                   big integer 512M
SQL> @Query_Vectors.sql
SQL> set pages600
SQL> set linesize 156
SQL> col my_sentence format a148 wrap
SQL>
SQL> ACCEPT text_input CHAR PROMPT 'Enter your query : '
Enter your query : image processing
SQL> VARIABLE text_variable VARCHAR2(1000)
SQL> VARIABLE query_vector VECTOR
SQL> BEGIN
  2    :text_variable := '&text_input';
  3    SELECT vector_embedding(ALL_MINILM_L12_V2_AUGMENTED USING  :text_variable as data) into :query_vector;
  4  END;
  5  /
old   2:   :text_variable := '&text_input';
new   2:   :text_variable := 'image processing';

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> SELECT my_sentence, vector_distance(sentence_vector , :query_vector, COSINE) as Calc_Vector_Distance
  2  FROM my_data_vectors
  3  ORDER BY 2
  4  FETCH FIRST 3 ROWS ONLY;

MY_SENTENCE
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CALC_VECTOR_DISTANCE
--------------------
      VanceAI.com   image enhancement
           5.16E-001

      Stable Diffusion: An open source model that generates high quality images from text or other images, offering customization and control
           5.51E-001

      Hotpot.ai   AI image editing
          6.109E-001


SQL>
SQL> SELECT my_sentence, vector_distance(sentence_vector , :query_vector, COSINE) as Calc_Vector_Distance
  2  FROM my_data_vectors
  3  ORDER BY 2
  4  FETCH APPROX FIRST 3 ROWS ONLY;

MY_SENTENCE
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CALC_VECTOR_DISTANCE
--------------------
      VanceAI.com   image enhancement
           5.16E-001

      Stable Diffusion: An open source model that generates high quality images from text or other images, offering customization and control
           5.51E-001

      Hotpot.ai   AI image editing
          6.109E-001


SQL>

SQL> select * from dbms_xplan.display_cursor();

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID  1z2ujsrc9xsb0, child number 0
-------------------------------------
SELECT my_sentence, vector_distance(sentence_vector , :query_vector,
COSINE) as Calc_Vector_Distance FROM my_data_vectors ORDER BY 2 FETCH
APPROX FIRST 3 ROWS ONLY

Plan hash value: 3894957757

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                      | Name                | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT               |                     |       |       |     2 (100)|          |
|*  1 |  COUNT STOPKEY                 |                     |       |       |            |          |
|   2 |   VIEW                         |                     |     3 |  6024 |     2  (50)| 00:00:01 |
|*  3 |    SORT ORDER BY STOPKEY       |                     |     3 |  4938 |     2  (50)| 00:00:01 |
|   4 |     TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| MY_DATA_VECTORS     |     3 |  4938 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   5 |      VECTOR INDEX HNSW SCAN    | MY_DATA_VECTORS_NDX |     3 |  4938 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   1 - filter(ROWNUM<=3)
   3 - filter(ROWNUM<=3)


25 rows selected.

SQL>

Here I demonstrate querying the same set of 130 sentences about AI as in the previous demo, but now with a Vector Index configured as an In-Memory Neighbour Vector Graph Index and a Target Accuracy of 95% based on COSINE Distance.

My next run would be with a much larger data set (instead of just 130 sentences)

Categories: DBA Blogs

Problem with loading data from XML decimal point with german nls-settings

Tom Kyte - Fri, 2025-11-07 17:20

<code>-- Settings select banner from v$version; --Oracle Database 23c Free Release 23.0.0.0.0 - Develop, Learn, and Run for Free select * from v$nls_parameters where parameter in ('NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS','NLS_TERRITORY','NLS_LANGUAGE'); -- NLS_LANGUAGE GERMAN 3 -- NLS_TERRITORY GERMANY 3 -- NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS ,. 3 create table asktom_gpx_tab (i number ,xmldata xmltype ); INSERT INTO asktom_gpx_tab -- (i,xmldata) VALUES (1 ,xmltype( '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no" ?> <gpx> <trkpt lat="49.773210" lon="8.930600"><ele>340.8</ele></trkpt> <trkpt lat="49.772980" lon="8.930280"><ele>342.0</ele></trkpt> <trkpt lat="49.772740" lon="8.929900"><ele>341.5</ele></trkpt> </gpx>') ); commit; select elevation from asktom_gpx_tab t, xmltable('/gpx/trkpt' passing t.xmldata columns elevation varchar2(20) path 'ele') x1; -- 340,8 -- converted because NLS sets decimal sign to comma -- 342.0 -- why is this value not converted to comma??? -- 341,5 -- converted because NLS sets decimal sign to comma -- I found a Question here with a supposed solution but it doesnt work right select to_number(elevation,'FM9999D99','nls_numeric_characters = '',.''') from asktom_gpx_tab t, xmltable('/gpx/trkpt' passing t.xmldata columns elevation varchar2(20) path 'ele') x1; -- 340,8 -- ok -- 3420 -- This is definitely a wrong value -- 341,5 -- ok</code> Shouldnt all values be treated the same way?

Categories: DBA Blogs

What are the recommended BIG-IP F5 settings for routing HTTP traffic to ORDS 24.4 without SSL in an Oracle EBS-integrated environment?

Tom Kyte - Fri, 2025-11-07 17:20

What are the recommended BIG-IP F5 settings for routing HTTP traffic to ORDS 24.4 without SSL in an Oracle EBS-integrated environment?

Categories: DBA Blogs

impdp commit size parameter

Tom Kyte - Fri, 2025-11-07 17:20

Is there a commit size parameter for datapump import utility in the future? Currently there is none. I see direct path insert and parallel process are there and if so will adding commit size parameter help in faster data loading.

Categories: DBA Blogs

Performance Analysis of SQL over DB Link

Tom Kyte - Fri, 2025-11-07 17:20

Hello and thank you for your response. Sorry I could not provide a live example SQL. I have an application running in JBoss connecting to a database Reporting_DB and executes SQLs there. The SQLs actually would access views in the Reporting_DB. The views are accessing tables which are in a remote DB, say ReadOnlyStandby_DB accessed over a DB link to a remote database. Here is a simple schematic: Application --Network--> Reporting_DB ---DB Link--> ReadOnlyStandby_DB ORM sql ---> View --> Table SQL Signature: Example of SQL seen in Reporting_DB: The application uses some ORM (hibernate), so the SQLs are always changing as seen in the Reporting_DB: select this_.Column1 as Column1_485_0_, this_.Column2 as Column2_485_0_, this_.Column3 as AUDIT3_485_0 etc. Example of SQL seen in ReadOnlyStandby_DB The sql seen in the ReadOnlyStandby_DB looks like this: SELECT "A1"."col1" ... FROM "TABLE_1" where CONDITION ... UNION ALL ... The users are complaining that the performance is slow, developers are sharing application logs that show SQLs are timing out with slowness. The final database where SQL is executed is a Data Guard read only Standby database. I have OEM on Reporting_DB and ReadOnlyStandby_DB but the app server (JBOSS) is external to my jurisdiction and have no access or insight. How can I get the following details: 1) Connect the dots for session: How to connect the dots from App, db session to Reporting_DB, db session to ReadOnlyStandby_DB 2) Session Trace: How to trace session coming from DB link on ReadOnlyStandby_DB 3) SQL Analysis: The SQL on Reporting_DB is not the same on ReadOnlyStandby_DB; it seems to change. How to connect SQL "a" on Reporting_DB and its related SQL "b" on ReadOnlyStandby_DB ?

Categories: DBA Blogs

Materialized view based on View expanded to underlying objects

Tom Kyte - Fri, 2025-11-07 17:20

Hello All I have created a Materialized view using the following code <code>CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW "APPS"."XXBST_UNPACK_PENDING_MV" ("CUST_ACCOUNT_ID", "CUSTOMER_NAME", "SUPPLIER_ID", "SUPPLIER_NAME", "SHIPMENT_ID", "SHIPMENT_NUMBER", "UNPACK_DATE", "DAYS_IN_UNPACK_PENDING_STATUS") SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE ORGANIZATION HEAP PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 0 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS NOLOGGING STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "APPS_TS_TX_DATA" BUILD DEFERRED USING INDEX REFRESH COMPLETE ON DEMAND START WITH sysdate+0 NEXT sysdate + (1/24/60)*30 USING DEFAULT LOCAL ROLLBACK SEGMENT USING TRUSTED CONSTRAINTS EVALUATE USING CURRENT EDITION DISABLE ON QUERY COMPUTATION DISABLE QUERY REWRITE AS SELECT * FROM xxbst_unpack_pending_v;</code> This is in a non prod environment which has just been restored from a backup due to the code being changed in prod to this lowest level expanded code <code>CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW "APPS"."XXBST_UNPACK_PENDING_MV" ("CUST_ACCOUNT_ID", "CUSTOMER_NAME", "SUPPLIER_ID", "SUPPLIER_NAME", "SHIPMENT_ID", "SHIPMENT_NUMBER", "UNPACK_DATE", "DAYS_IN_UNPACK_PENDING_STATUS") SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE ON PREBUILT TABLE WITHOUT REDUCED PRECISION USING INDEX REFRESH FORCE ON DEMAND USING DEFAULT LOCAL ROLLBACK SEGMENT USING ENFORCED CONSTRAINTS EVALUATE USING CURRENT EDITION DISABLE ON QUERY COMPUTATION DISABLE QUERY REWRITE AS SELECT "A1"."CUST_ACCOUNT_ID" "CUST_ACCOUNT_ID","A1"."CUSTOMER_NAME" "CUSTOMER_NAME","A1"."SUPPLIER_ID" "SUPPLIER_ID","A1"."SUPPLIER_NAME" "SUPPLIER_NAME","A1"."SHIPMENT_ID" "SHIPMENT_ID","A1"."SHIPMENT_NUMBER" "SHIPMENT_NUMBER","A1"."UNPACK_DATE" "UNPACK_DATE","A1"."DAYS_IN_UNPACK_PENDING_STATUS" "DAYS_IN_UNPACK_PENDING_STATUS" FROM (SELECT "A7"."CUST_ACCOUNT_ID" "CUST_ACCOUNT_ID","APPS"."XXBST_DEV_UTILS_PKG"."GET_CUST_SHORT_NAME"("A7"."CUST_ACCOUNT_ID") "CUSTOMER_NAME","A3"."VENDOR_ID" "SUPPLIER_ID","A3"."VENDOR_NAME" "SUPPLIER_NAME","A10"."SHIPMENT_ID" "SHIPMENT_ID","A10"."SHIPMENT_NUMBER" "SHIPMENT_NUMBER",MAX("A7"."CREATION_DATE") "UNPACK_DATE",TRUNC(SYSDATE)-TRUNC(MAX("A7"."CREATION_DATE")) "DAYS_IN_UNPACK_PENDING_STATUS" FROM "XXBST"."XXBST_TNT_SHPMNT" "A10","XXBST"."XXBST_TNT_MV_PLAN" "A9","XXBST"."XXBST_TNT_MV" "A8","XXICE"."XXICE_SM_RCV_HEADERS" "A7","XXBST"."XXBST_TNT_HEADERS_ALL" "A6","XXBST"."XXBST_TNT_LINES_ALL" "A5","XXBST"."XXBST_BOM_ORDER_HEADERS_ALL" "A4", (SELECT "A12"."VENDOR_ID" "VENDOR_ID","A12"."VENDOR_NAME" "VENDOR_NAME" FROM "AP"."AP_SUPPLIERS" "A12","AR"."HZ_PARTIES" "A11" WHERE "A12"."PARTY_ID"="A11"."PARTY_ID") "A3","XXBST"."XXBST_TNT_MV_PLAN" "A2" WHERE "A10"."SHIPMENT_ID"="A7"."SHIPMENT_ID" AND "A10"."SHIPMENT_ID"="A9"."SHIPMENT_ID" AND "A9"."PLAN_ID"="A8"."PLAN_ID" AND "A8"."MV_TYPE"='DELIVERY' AND "A8"."MV_STATUS"='UNPACK_PENDING' AND "A6"."SHIPM...

Categories: DBA Blogs

Export Oracle Label Security info from one DB to be imported into another DB

Tom Kyte - Fri, 2025-11-07 17:20

Hi Sir, I'm trying to copy the Oracle Label Security information from one database and apply it to another one. I tried to use expdp/impdp and dbms_metadata.get_ddl, but I didn't have success using them. Is there a special package or tool to get this work done? Thanks in advance. Valerio Almeida

Categories: DBA Blogs

Oracle GoldenGate Response Files: Understanding the Evolution from 12c to 23ai

DBASolved - Fri, 2025-11-07 09:48

Your Oracle GoldenGate 21c response file won't work for 23ai deployments—and that's by design. Oracle fundamentally restructured GoldenGate configuration with 23ai, introducing deployment-level administrator separation, granular directory control, Configuration Service options, and enhanced security with TLS 1.3 support. This detailed comparison reveals the critical differences between response file schemas, explains why backward compatibility breaks, and provides practical migration strategies for maintaining automation across GoldenGate versions from 12c through 23ai. Learn how to leverage new capabilities like remote metrics and centralized configuration management while keeping your existing deployments running smoothly.

The post Oracle GoldenGate Response Files: Understanding the Evolution from 12c to 23ai appeared first on DBASolved.

Categories: DBA Blogs

Incremental Backups of a Standby Database

Hemant K Chitale - Fri, 2025-11-07 00:16

In response to a comment on a previous Blog Post RMAN Backup of a Standby Database, I show incremental Backups as well below

RMAN> backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 database;
backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 database;
Starting backup at 07-NOV-25
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=219 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n16dxhob_.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n16dxhom_.dbf
input datafile file number=00009 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs2_n16dxhon_.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_users_n16dxhoo_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2nxdx_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T055853 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00010 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dz6sq_.dbf
input datafile file number=00011 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n16dz6sr_.dbf
input datafile file number=00012 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n16dz6t1_.dbf
input datafile file number=00013 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_undo_2_n16dz6t2_.dbf
input datafile file number=00014 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_users_n16dz6tc_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2q8kr_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T055853 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00060 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-60.dbf
input datafile file number=00061 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-61.dbf
input datafile file number=00062 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-62.dbf
input datafile file number=00063 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-UNDO_2_FNO-63.dbf
input datafile file number=00064 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-USERS_FNO-64.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/38AE431466FE1FDBE0635A38A8C085D8/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2rzo7_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T055853 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00005 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16f20wr_.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n16f20x3_.dbf
input datafile file number=00008 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n16f20xg_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2tprh_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T055853 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
Finished backup at 07-NOV-25

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/autobackup/2025_11_07/o1_mf_s_1216533563_njv2wg2k_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-NOV-25


RMAN>
RMAN> exit
exit

RMAN Client Diagnostic Trace file : /u01/app/oracle/diag/clients/user_oracle/host_4144547424_110/trace/ora_2133_140607082957312.trc

Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@stdby trace]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Nov 7 06:04:10 2025
Version 19.25.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.25.0.0.0

SQL> set pages600 linesize 132
SQL> select database_role, open_mode from v$database
  2  /

DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
---------------- --------------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED

SQL>
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.25.0.0.0
[oracle@stdby trace]$ 

[oracle@stdby trace]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Nov 7 06:04:55 2025
Version 19.25.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: RACDB (DBID=1162136313, not open)

RMAN> list backup of datafile 1;
list backup of datafile 1;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets
===================


BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
320     Incr 0  1.08G      DISK        00:01:10     07-NOV-25
        BP Key: 320   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20251107T055853
        Piece Name: /Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2nxdx_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 320
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----------- ------ ----
  1    0  Incr 13423959   07-NOV-25              NO    /Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf


RMAN>
RMAN> select current_scn from v$database;
select current_scn from v$database;
CURRENT_SCN
-----------
   13442704


RMAN>

[oracle@stdby trace]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Nov 7 06:07:11 2025
Version 19.25.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.25.0.0.0

SQL> select current_scn, database_role, open_mode from v$database;

CURRENT_SCN DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
----------- ---------------- --------------------
   13442704 PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED

SQL> /

CURRENT_SCN DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
----------- ---------------- --------------------
   13443585 PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED

SQL>


SQL> SQL> l
  1* select current_scn, database_role, open_mode from v$database
SQL> /

CURRENT_SCN DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
----------- ---------------- --------------------
   13443585 PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED

SQL> /

CURRENT_SCN DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
----------- ---------------- --------------------
   13449819 PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED

SQL> /

CURRENT_SCN DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
----------- ---------------- --------------------
   13449819 PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED

SQL>


[oracle@stdby trace]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Nov 7 06:10:58 2025
Version 19.25.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: RACDB (DBID=1162136313, not open)

RMAN> backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 database;
backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 database;
Starting backup at 07-NOV-25
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=219 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n16dxhob_.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n16dxhom_.dbf
input datafile file number=00009 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs2_n16dxhon_.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_users_n16dxhoo_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20251107T061125_njv3dg1n_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T061125 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00010 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dz6sq_.dbf
input datafile file number=00011 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n16dz6sr_.dbf
input datafile file number=00012 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n16dz6t1_.dbf
input datafile file number=00013 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_undo_2_n16dz6t2_.dbf
input datafile file number=00014 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_users_n16dz6tc_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20251107T061125_njv3do5w_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T061125 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00060 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-60.dbf
input datafile file number=00061 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-61.dbf
input datafile file number=00062 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-62.dbf
input datafile file number=00063 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-UNDO_2_FNO-63.dbf
input datafile file number=00064 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-USERS_FNO-64.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/38AE431466FE1FDBE0635A38A8C085D8/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20251107T061125_njv3dw8p_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T061125 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00005 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16f20wr_.dbf
skipping datafile 00005 because it has not changed
input datafile file number=00006 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n16f20x3_.dbf
skipping datafile 00006 because it has not changed
input datafile file number=00008 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n16f20xg_.dbf
skipping datafile 00008 because it has not changed
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup cancelled because all files were skipped
Finished backup at 07-NOV-25

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/autobackup/2025_11_07/o1_mf_s_1216534110_njv3dzjt_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-NOV-25


RMAN>

RMAN> list backup of datafile 1;
list backup of datafile 1;

List of Backup Sets
===================


BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
320     Incr 0  1.08G      DISK        00:01:10     07-NOV-25
        BP Key: 320   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20251107T055853
        Piece Name: /Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2nxdx_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 320
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----------- ------ ----
  1    0  Incr 13423959   07-NOV-25              NO    /Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
325     Incr 1  2.93M      DISK        00:00:05     07-NOV-25
        BP Key: 325   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20251107T061125
        Piece Name: /Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20251107T061125_njv3dg1n_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 325
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----------- ------ ----
  1    1  Incr 13449820   07-NOV-25              NO    /Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf


RMAN>

RMAN> exit
exit


Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@stdby trace]$ export NLS_DATE_FORMAT=DD_MON_RR_HH24_MI
[oracle@stdby trace]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Nov 7 06:15:24 2025
Version 19.25.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: RACDB (DBID=1162136313, not open)

RMAN> list backup of datafile 1;
list backup of datafile 1;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets
===================


BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
320     Incr 0  1.08G      DISK        00:01:10     07_NOV_25_06_00
        BP Key: 320   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20251107T055853
        Piece Name: /Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2nxdx_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 320
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time        Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------------- ----------- ------ ----
  1    0  Incr 13423959   07_NOV_25_05_56              NO    /Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
325     Incr 1  2.93M      DISK        00:00:05     07_NOV_25_06_11
        BP Key: 325   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20251107T061125
        Piece Name: /Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20251107T061125_njv3dg1n_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 325
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time        Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------------- ----------- ------ ----
  1    1  Incr 13449820   07_NOV_25_06_08              NO    /Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf


RMAN>

After the Level-0 Backup I waited for some time to confirm that the SCN at the Standby had advanced.

Then, I ran an Level-1 Backup.

The final listing shows two backups of datafile 1, the first being a Level-0 backup at SCN 13423959 at 05:56 of 07-Nov and the second being a Level-1 backup at SCN 13449820 at 06:08 of 07-Nov/

Of course, I *must* backup ArchiveLogs at the Standby.

Note : Oracle's recommendation is to use an RMAN Catalog when running Database Backups.

Categories: DBA Blogs

APEX Error 572 autopsy

Flavio Casetta - Mon, 2025-11-03 07:35

A couple of days ago I exported an application from APEX 24.1.5 and imported it into APEX 24.2.9 on my OCI free tier instance.

Whilst the application itself was working fine, I got a problem when I tried to edit page 4 in the App Builder: the spinner kept spinning for an unusual amount of time and eventually stopped showing an empty page, and in the error notification area APEX showed "Error: 572".

Now, according to other users this Error 572 was a symptom of an overloaded database, which seemed strange to me because the page is not particularly complex and I could open other pages in the editor without problems.

After various unsuccessful attempts to see if I could gather some meaningful information from the APEX Builder debug logs (see this interesting Steve Muench's blog posting on how to do that), I decided to have a closer look at the differences between the previous version of this page and the current, problematic one.

Here are some relevant facts:

The current version of the page can be edited without problems in APEX 24.1.5.
If I export this single page from 24.1.5 and import into 24.2.9 the problem persists, so if there is a problem, it's not caused by the import process of the whole application.
The "new" version of the page works correctly when I run the application, so, APEX metadata must be good.
The only difference between the old version and the new version is in the source of the query I am using to populate an Interactive Report.
If I import the old version of the page, then the App Builder editor resumes working properly.

The difference between the old and the new query is the following CASE function, the old version did not contain the lines in yellow:

case 
  when json_value(e.value,'$.email[0]') is null
  then apex_lang.message('NO_RECIPIENT')
  when json_value(e.value,'$.email[1]') is null
  then apex_lang.message('SINGLE_RECIPIENT')
  else apex_lang.message('OTHER_RECIPIENTS')
end as RECIPIENTS

If I comment out the two lines in yellow in the page source, import the page and try to edit it, everything is back to normal.

The tricky part in this type of problems is in that if you receive this error upon entering the editor then you cannot delete the offending page because Error code 572 is breaking the delete page functionality, so your only option is to replace the page with an import of a working version.

If you receive this error while you are still inside the editor of the page, you may have a chance of reverting the page to its previous state.

In my case it was easy, I had an older working version of the page, but if you don't, then you must work around the problem in some other fashion, in the worst case I presume you must edit the import file and get rid of some components.

In conclusion, my wild guess is that something wrong is happening at parse time and in particular I strongly suspect that the absence of meaningful values for the bind variables used in the conditions of my query are breaking the logic of the JSON_VALUE function that relies on the content of the JSON array "email", which at parse time of course is empty, resulting in this weird error.

Moreover, the IR query handling must have changed in some way between the two APEX releases.

Now, it could be that Error 572 is also returned when there is a "database overload", but in this specific case I can't see any correlation.

Or may be there is something else going on that I can't fathom right now.

Categories: DBA Blogs

Tip of the day: hide (or show) multiple buttons or other page components with a single dynamic action

Flavio Casetta - Wed, 2025-10-29 10:52

Need to hide or show multiple buttons or page items basing on a common client-side condition?

Instead of creating a single dynamic action for each button, define a common CSS class (i.e. mybuttons) on each of the buttons and then use a single DA with jQuery selector like ".mybuttons" for the Hide action and one for the Show action, thus reducing the page complexity.

And you can also extend this to other components like page items or regions, if they follow the same logic.

Categories: DBA Blogs