Best tool to automate softwares/tools installation/configuration on a ready virtual machine

I do below kind of activities:
Install docker and create lot of application images Install jenkins , save lot of docker image creation steps in Jenkins scripts
Install Python3.8 and lot of modules
Copy swingbench and few configurations.
Configure few other changes in above as needed.

What I want to do :
Take a backup of above installation/changes and then copy the exact same setup in another virtual machine as and when i get new machines.

*Important Note:* I want to take a backup and using that backup only I want to configure my new virtual machine.

What would you recommend to do this kind of automation/new setup?

Would it be ansible or terraform? I have never used these and from the reading so far , those are infrastructure as a code but I am working at a lower layer than a virtual machine. So I already will have a virtual machine.

Team which provides virtual machines , due to security reasons,doesnt allow us to server level automation approaches , so ansible or terraform is out of the picture?

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Cheers,
Kunwar

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